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Diffraction is the bending of a wave, or succession of waves, when they meet an obstacle in their path, or pass through a gap.
The amount the wave(s) bend is dependent on the size of the obstacle, or gap, relative to the wavelength: the smaller the obstacle or gap, by comparison, the more the wave(s) will bend.
The diagram on the left shows, from above, the diffraction of waves (eg water waves) through an aperture/slit which is approximately the same size as the wavelength (distance between the wave crests).
Anne Evans
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