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The theory of evolution states that organisms produce offspring which have a variety of characteristics and that these differences may have a differential survival value in a given environment.
Individuals which are the most well-fitted to the environment are the most likely to survive to have offspring themselves so passing these "useful" characteristics on to the next generation.
Gradually the population as a whole will change over time, as more and more of these "well-fitted" individuals survive and breed.
This process, resulting from the survival of the fittest, is known as "natural selection" and is used to suggest how one type, or species, may change, or even arise from another, by accumulation of many, many small changes over thousands of generations.
It is now known these changes are caused by genetic mutation and/or recombination during meiosis.
Anne Evans
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