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Cones are one of two types of specialised photoreceptor cell in the retina of vertebrates: the other type are called rods.
Cones are named because of their cone-like shape, and are found mainly in the central portion of the retina. Different types of cone respond to light of different ranges of wavelength, in each case by generating an electrical impulse which is transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve.
Cones are less sensitive to low intensities of light than rods, but the existence of the different types of cone cells allows the perception of colour in daylight.
Anne Evans
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